我把我5个月的学习计划和大家分享，我最后两个月基本都是少量的GRE，因此这个计划应该在4个月可以完成。 [b]Phrase 1 Critical 45 Days[/b] [b]红宝书+3000+长难句+The Economist[/b] 最重要的45天。GRE单词+难句 [b]每一天请保证6-8小时的复习时间[/b]。我因为过于自负，前三天每天4个红宝书list，每天接近1200的单词完全吃不消。先背3000还是先背红宝可以自由选择。[b]严格遵循杨鹏14天原则[/b] 我知道很少有人能做到，但是走上这条路就注定你要走跟别人不一样的路。单词打通后你会发现世界很美好。The Economist可以看懂了，文学作品没有单词障碍了。 [b] Day 1 - Day 14 红宝书 6遍[/b] 在背红宝或者3000的时候前3遍都不要看英文意思[b]，只看中文，[/b]过完就下一个。具体方法请参见杨鹏17天。 [b]14天[/b]我们背完了GRE红宝书，按照杨鹏的法则[b]背了6遍[/b]。这一遍的记忆率要保证[b]60%-70%[/b] 有时间开始阅读The Economist + Aldaily [b] Day 15 - Day 24 红宝书7遍+长难句一遍[/b] 接下来再用10天每天4个list把红宝书过一遍，[b]这十天每天保证看20个长难句，10天[/b]刚好看完200句[b]。24天[/b]红宝书背了[b]7遍[/b]，长难句[b]一遍[/b]。我没有背长难句，感觉用处不大，而且影响进度。有人说开始看长难句影响阅读，的确会有一点。事实是这些难句选择点比较集中，GRE阅读真题一共196篇，这些难句只在少部分阅读中出现。红宝书记忆率这遍保证[b]记忆率70%[/b] 有时间开始阅读The Economist + Aldaily [b]Day 25 - Day 35 红宝书8遍+长难句2遍+3000一遍[/b] 从第25天起每天把[b]list加到6个[/b]开始复习，同时[b]长难句继续[/b]进行，这时候[b]开始[/b]看[b]3000[/b]，看3000方法同红宝书，[b]一天3个[/b]，[b]只看中文[/b]意思。第32天你的红宝书背了8遍，3000基本收尾。[b]33天起红宝书加到8 list[/b] 5天过完一遍记忆率保证[b]70%-80%[/b] 3000主要看红宝书里没有的词汇。并补充记忆。 有时间开始阅读The Economist + Aldaily [b]Day 36 - Day 45 红宝书10遍+长难句3遍+3000三遍[/b] 第36天到40天，每天8个list 红宝书第9遍。这一遍你会发现有很多单词记不住，这时候善用小本子把单词记下来。早期和睡前都复习看看。这一遍记忆率保证 [b]80%[/b]左右；3000每一天6个list 只看中文意思 5天第二遍，保证和红宝重复的词汇没有障碍，重点记忆红宝中没有的词汇；长难句一直进行中 第41到45天，红宝书第10遍。依然重点突破不会的单词；3000继续6 list第三遍，长难句收尾。 到第45天，红宝书过了十遍正确率保证[b]80%[/b], 3000 [b]80%[/b] 有时间开始阅读The Economist + Aldaily [b] Phrase 2 单词+填空+阅读+长难句+作文[/b] Day 46 - Day 75 这一个月的重点都是单词+阅读，从今天起每天睡觉前看一篇北美范文和Issue 5.5上的提纲并自己思考。 [b] Day 46 - Day 55[/b] 3000同反每天3个，进行完一遍。红宝书每天4个，（为阅读让时间）长难句第[b]4遍[/b]。陈圣元句子填空第一遍，每天4-5 section，主要巩固单词用。这个时候主要是巩固单词同时对句子之间逻辑结构有一定认识。 [b]Day 46[/b] 看完花儿阅读第二张和第三章。不用做题 [b]Day 47[/b] 看完 [url=http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/forum.php?mod=attachment&aid=MjA0NjU5fDRlYTE3Mjc3fDEzNjI4Mjc1MzF8MjM2ODYyN3wxNTEwNDM1]Manhattan GRE RC Guide[/url]的RC部分（跳过前言） [b]Day 48[/b] 看完 [url=http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/forum.php?mod=attachment&aid=MjAwNzU3fDc2ZmUyZjYwfDEzNjI4MjgxNjl8MjM2ODYyN3wxNDk4MjM2]Manhattan LSAT RC Guide[/url] 并做完最后一章的4 RC阅读 [b]Day 49 - Day 55[/b] 3000同反+红宝书+长难句+36套 做36套 1-7套，不计时，计算正确率。单词+长难句继续 [b]Day 56 - Day 70[/b] 阅读训练法 这14天，你将要读大量文章，做好心理准备 CR分析法分析 用[b]GRE, LSAT[/b]训练都可以，这五步 [b] 建议一开始每天读4-8篇，用5天读完做过的7套GRE阅读[/b]。 第六天开始读吴中东阅读理解上的文章[b]每天4篇[/b] 第一次训练时会比较费时间 2-4小时，训练久了就会逐渐习惯。 并且在训练过程中不断计时并最终达到长文章3分钟-4分钟读完，短文章 2分钟之内读完 训练的目的是增强短期记忆并熟知文章结构。 [b] [b]第一步，打开word,写上要读的文章， 然后精读文章，用5分钟（以后逐渐减少，最终目标是3分钟到3分30s） 第二步，根据你的[b]记忆[/b]，按照文章所给的内容，写出你能记忆的所有的东西，顺序写 第三步，写出中心论点，比如 Though China is making efforts to clean its air, it will be a long time before benefits are seen and problems will continue to arise. 第四步，根据记忆写每一个段落的作用，比如 Background information, current problem, elucidating ways to read information given, return to problem and potential short-term solution, problems for that as well. Conclusion no clear cut solution but changes are being made. 第五步，写出作者的观点，态度[/b] [/b] 总结错题时候请用这四个问题 [b] 1) Why is the right answer right? 2) Why is my wrong answer wrong? [b]3) What about the right answer made me think it was wrong? 4) What about the wrong answer made me think it was right?[/b] The first two are the normal review questions, but the second two are arguably more important. Those ones are going to tell you which errors in reasoning you're committing, and they're going to tell you which tricks the test-writers are using that you fall for. [/b] 关于[b]错误选项类型[/b]请参看这里 [b] [b]1. Out of Scope[/b] • Introduces an unwarranted assertion supported nowhere in the passage. • Might be “Real-World Plausible.” That is, the answer might be true or seem to be true in the real world. However, if the answer is not supported in the passage, it is out of scope. [b]2. Direct Contradiction[/b] • States the exact opposite of something asserted in the passage. • Paradoxically attractive, because it relates to the passage closely. If you miss one contrast or switchback in the trail, you can easily think a Direct Contradiction is the right answer. [b]3. Mix-Up[/b] • Scrambles together disparate content from the passage. • Tries to trap the student who simply matches language, not meaning. [b]4. One Word Wrong [/b] • Just one word (or maybe 2) is incorrect. Includes extreme words. • More prevalent in General questions. [b] 5. True but Irrelevant[/b] • True according to the passage, but does not answer the given question. • May be too narrow or simply unrelated. [/b] [b]Day 71 - 75[/b] 根据训练成果开始计时做吴中东上面的No+国内题 每天4-8遍GRE阅读，期间单词不要断。 [b][/b] [b]Day 76 - Day 105[/b] 单词+长难句+阅读+填空+作文+陈虎平逻辑十套+模拟练习 单词一直继续。每天至少保证红宝书[b]3 list[/b] 3000 [b]3 list[/b] 长难句 20句，作文看提纲 阅读继续保证 每天4-8篇。 从今天开始开始做一个陈虎平的逻辑十套。 作文要开始着手写了。 如果你之前购买了任何Manhattan GRE中的一本书，可以去他的网站兑换6套GRE题目，模拟题非常重要，考过GRE的朋友是懂得考 4个小时的痛苦的。你只有在不断地5个section加作文的练习中才能掌握好自己的节奏。 [b]下面开始说填空 陈圣元句子填空+1014+Verbal Workout+Magoosh三空题[/b] 陈圣元句子填空填空第二遍 每天 6-10 section 重点练[b]迅速破题[/b]能力，哪些词是[b]关键词[/b](比如 therefore, however, nonetheless这些标志性词语） ，哪些是[b]入手点[/b]（比如强对比，程度递进，并注意总结这些用法) 下面以Magoosh的一道题来分析这一遍训练的目的 [img]http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/data/attachment/forum/201303/09/195910d8y7lbbtjhypyshd.png[/img] Huh, Pretty hard. Give yourself about 2 minutes. 答案是 boorishness和sensitivity For all his xxxx是一个固定句式，表转折 although, However, 因此这句话简化为 although he is_____, he [b]betrayed[/b]_____ to women by showing sympathy. 这里betrayed又考了另外一个意思， reveal, show, 3000里有收录。 于是简化为 Although he is ______ he showed _____ to women by showing sympathy. 可选的便只有 booriness和sensitivity 选完后再读一遍 Although he is boor, he showed sensitivity to women. Perfect下一题。 陈圣元里面有很多这样固定句式的自己，强弱转折如 No more than, no less than. 新旧观点对比如 Recent, traditional belief. 这一遍你要善于总结这些固定句式，转折，承让。 Ok 这一段时间陈圣元刷完第二遍，1014做完，Verbal workout做完。 做填空题最重要的能力是迅速读懂，而这个只有阅读能帮到你。下面再用一道题来分析这个过程。[img]http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/data/attachment/forum/201303/09/2041162pypiizsole6o5g2.png[/img] give yourself about three minutes on this one. 对于三空题第一件事情：找到[b]core argument[/b], 也就是这段话想表达什么。 Heinrich Feyermahn, in insisting that Galileo did not fully uphold the tenets of scientific rationalism, does not ____________ the Italian astronomer, but rather the very edifice of Western thought. 这句话的意思是 HF asserts that G is kinda wrong, not____ I but Westwern. For if Galileo is the purported exemplar of rational thinking, and yet (注意这个转折） is ____________, then the history of science cannot be understood as an endless succession of scientists carrying out their work free of all-too-human biases. （注意这里的对比， G is rational king, and yet____, scientists are not free of bias, 换句话说就是 Scientists 有 bias） Thus（注意这个因果句式的indicator), Feyermahn admonishes, in faithfully chronicling the sweep of science in the last 300 years, historiographers would be ____________ to not include the human foibles that were part of even the most ostensibly Apollonian endeavors. (这句话的意思是 F认为 historiographers is ______ if they not to include bias in history.) 于是全文见简化为 FH thinks G is wrong, scientists is not free of bias. Thus F thinks historian would be _____ if they do not include huamn foibles in history. 第一个空出现在Italian和Western之前，这是局部和整体关系，于是第一个空只能选exclusively implicate，does not partially repudiate, partially在这里的意思是偏袒的或者部分的。显然不合语境。 第二空， 排除法，2,3空都找不到论证，前面说了 G is rational king and yet is 这里的want考到了另外一个意思 也就是 lack，最后一个空比较简单只有remiss 于是选完带回，FH thinks G is wrong, he critisize not only about Italian A but also Western A. G is the king but still lacking so we can confirm that scientists is not free of bias. Therefore if historian did not include this, they are not carefully. Perfect. GRE句子都是经过加工过得晦涩的句子，做陈圣元句子和三空题你要做的就是简化这些句子为简单的句子。 最后一道OG上的填空题。 [img]http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/data/attachment/forum/201303/09/204803dz86a03909b3647p.png[/img] give yourself about 1 minute 30s 这题简化为相当简单 reckless behavior_____ company's____ image. 能选的只有belie和cautious 在这一个月里你要锻炼自己简化GRE句子的能力，这些都是从阅读哪里来的。 [b]Phrase 3 Now you are ready[/b] [b]Day 106 - The day before Test Day[/b] [b]单词+阅读+填空+数学+作文+逻辑单题+模考[/b] 从今天开始你要开始看Math Review和陈向东高分突破了。根据基础一周到二周完成。 这时候单词不要段。你在最后阶段应该1-2个小时就可以把红宝书和3000过一遍。继续坚持下去 这是你冲刺的最后阶段。这个阶段如果你GRE No+国内题已经刷过1遍了建议第二遍，同时把36套拿出来。开始计时做。统计正确率并分析。下面会有一部分专门用来讲解GRE阅读和逻辑单题。 作文你要保证有自己的套路。建议参加寄托的作文互改小组。 模考建议在每周六早上10:00准时模考， 2个作文5个section 我一共做了12套模考题，考场上就感觉是做模拟题一样的轻松。 下面我会用单独的一部分来说明限时的重要性。 [b]The Importance of Proper Timing (including the Importance of Having Time to Correct Mistakes)[/b] GRE这个考试的难点有两处，1, 单词量巨大，句子晦涩; 2,时间紧迫。前者可以通过背单词做难句来锻炼。后者才是这个考试最大的挑战。 在一开始练习阅读和填空时候我们追求正确率但是一旦可以保证真确率在 60%-80%就要开始计时了。 这里推荐一个[url=http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/thread-1338108-1-1.html]timer[/url]给大家。 在考前的[b]一个半月到一个月[/b]你要开始计时。这意味着你要打开Timer开始限时做题，长阅读要保证8:45之内一定可以读完做完题。 单空题要保证1分钟之内，2空题1分30秒，3空题2分钟之内。这是非常大的挑战，但只有你在开始计时后才知道自己的问题出在哪里。 [b]总结错题[/b] 这是很多人最容易忽视的环节。下面我介绍我学习工程中的一个方法 [b]Blind Review[/b] Blind Review的意思是 [b]1, 100%确定为什么你选择了某个答案（原因）[/b] 确定你为什么选择某一个词，依据 [b]2, 100%确定为什么你排除了某个答案（错误类型）[/b] 确定你为什么排除掉其他的选项 （这在阅读里就是错误选项类型，参加上文，在填空就是相反的逻辑，或者句意不通） [b]3, 当你的答案是错的时候，不要标出正确答案，重做一遍（尤其是对于阅读）[/b] 这一遍做的时候问自己两个问题 [b]- What about the right answer made me think it was wrong? - What about the wrong answer made me think it was right?[/b] 拿个记事本（电脑上word也可以）写下来自己当时选择这个选项的原因，在排除掉一个选项后第二遍看看你能不能做对。而这次选择新的选项的原因是什么？在[b]原文找到依据[/b]. 对于填空便是便是找到依据，确定句子转折递进关系。阅读便是定位改写和全文理解。 4, 对于错误的题做标记并且第二天重做（针对阅读）对于填空一周后重做。 下面我以一道错题来说明总结情况 [img]http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/data/attachment/forum/201303/10/104458du2ujkr6gmvg3pdu.png[/img] 这道题我做错了两遍，原因是第一个空我一直把juvenile当做意译的developing，这个词的意思是yong or immature. 于是我写给这题的note是 不要为某些词编造意思。 总结错题是一个很费时间的事情。你做题和总结的时间比例应该是[b]1:2[/b]，也就是花两倍的时间来总结。下面会有单独的部分讲解阅读和填空如何总结和反思 [b]Indicating Your Confidence in Your Answer[/b] 这和上一步的Blind Review是同一个意思。 对于错误的选项 [b] Definitely go the extra mile on each question. You can study only a third of the questions that someone else studies and learn more, if you really dig into what makes a great "wrong" answer choice. Great "wrong" answer choices are ones that play off an easily followed misunderstanding of the passage or argument. There are frequently several common misreads of an argument that lead us to very specific wrong answer choices. Try and categorize incorrect answers as well, as being wrong for specific but generic reasons - detail creep, issue of degree, reversed logic, etc. The more you see that the wrong answers are wrong for consistently the same reasons, the easier time you will have in making some of those final eliminations you'll need to make under tons of pressure. Rate your confident on a 1-5 scale, 5 means confident when you eliminate the answer choice. [/b] 对于不能100% sure的答案全部标出，重做。对答案。再重做。直到完全理解为止。 [b] 下面来分析逻辑单题[/b] [b]逻辑单题 - The forgotten one[/b] 这是被众人忘在脑后也是最容易拿分的部分。 GRE的逻辑单题分为三个类型， 1, Assumption类，包括strengthen/weaken/depends on 2, 根据题干选择某一句子 3, 一段文章中两段话用黑体bold标出，问其作用。 做这类你需要做的事情只有一件：找到Core Argument 我下面会分类讲每一部分 [b]一, Assumption类[/b] 这类包括二个小分类 strengthen/weaken和assumpiton strengthen/weaken是一类，这种问题的问法无外乎 strengthen, provide the most support/ cast doubt on, weaken 看到这类问题你便知道这是strengthen/weaken问题。 看下面这道题 [b] In 1974 the speed limit on highways in the United States was reduced to 55 miles per hour in order to save fuel. In the first 12 months after the change, the rate of highway fatalities dropped 15 percent, the sharpest one-year drop in history. Over the next 10 years, the fatality rate declined by another 25 percent. It follows that the 1974 reduction in the speed limit saved many lives. [b]Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?[/b] (A) The 1974 fuel shortage cut driving sharply for more than a year. (B) There was no decline in the rate of highway fatalities during the twelfth year following the reduction in the speed limit. (C) Since 1974 automobile manufacturers have been required by law to install lifesaving equipment, such as seat belts, in all new cars. (D) The fatality rate in highway accidents involving motorists driving faster than 55 miles per hour is much higher than in highway accidents that do not involve motorists driving at such speeds. (E) Motorists are more likely to avoid accidents by matching their speed to that of the surrounding highway traffic than by driving at faster or slower speeds. [/b] 因为GRE考试时候题干在左边，题目在左边，逻辑单题一定要先看右边题目。 第一步 找[b]core argument[/b] In 1974 the speed limit on highways in the United States was reduced to 55 miles per hour in order to save fuel. （background info，这里告诉我们在1974年美国将高速速度降到55） In the first 12 months after the change, the rate of highway fatalities dropped 15 percent, the sharpest one-year drop in history. （这里告诉我们一个现象，高速公路严重事故降低了15%） Over the next 10 years, the fatality rate declined by another 25 percent. （10年间继续降低了 25%） It follows that the 1974 reduction in the speed limit saved many lives. 啊这句话明显是结论[b]，[/b]reduction in the speed limit saved many lives. 这句话尽管没有带有任何因果casual relationship的指示词( because, as, since, due to）但这明显是一个因果关系。 Core: reduction in the speed is the reason in saving lives. 这是strengthen/weaken的一类，也就是因果关系。你要strengthen/weaken的是这个reasoning过程 如果strengthen你只要明确指出这个原因就是唯一因素（也就是排除其他因素） weaken便指出另有其他原因。 题目问strengthen,那么我们要做的就是排除掉其他一切因素 (A) The 1974 fuel shortage cut driving sharply for more than a year. 明显的Weaken，指出导致开车的人少了，因此可能事故随着开车的人少了会相应降低 (B) There was no decline in the rate of highway fatalities during the twelfth year following the reduction in the speed limit. 注意到core 说的是减速拯救了生命，这里谈 第12年事故，完全 out of scope. 谁关心第12年，13年？我们关系的是减速能不能拯救生命。也许到了12年不减速了呢？排除 (C) Since 1974 automobile manufacturers have been required by law to install lifesaving equipment, such as seat belts, in all new cars. 注意看最后三个单词，in all new cars. What about old cars?另外这题也是possilbe weaken，说是救生设备拯救了生命。排除掉 (D) The fatality rate in highway accidents involving motorists driving faster than 55 miles per hour is much higher than in highway accidents that do not involve motorists driving at such speeds. Huh, 这个选项说高于 55mph 会有车祸， 而低于 55的确很少， looks good keep it. 注意core，core说的是 减速拯救了生命，这个55mph在这里只是随便的一个意思。 (E) Motorists are more likely to avoid accidents by matching their speed to that of the surrounding highway traffic than by driving at faster or slower speeds. 这个Possibily weaken 这里说只要跟周边的人开一样速度就容易避开车祸。[b] Really? It's not your job to evaluate whether this statement is true or not. Evaluate the argument! [/b]那么这个选项实际上削弱了argument就是指出其他原因(matching speed)可以减低事故。 于是答案只有D 让我们来看一下D，D说速度高于一个值事故会增加，低于会减少，那么我们当然可以得出减速的确可以拯救生命。 再来看一道题 [b] Antarctic seals dive to great depths and stay submerged for hours. They do not rely solely on oxygen held in their lungs, but also store extra oxygen in their blood. Indeed, some researchers hypothesize that for long dives these seals also store oxygenated blood in their spleens. Each of the following, if true, provides some support for the researchers’ hypothesis EXCEPT: (A) Horses are known to store oxygenated blood in their spleens for use during exertion. (B) Many species of seal can store oxygen directly in their muscle tissue. (C) The oxygen contained in the seals’ lungs and bloodstream alone would be inadequate to support the seals during their dives. (D) The spleen is much larger in the Antarctic seal than in aquatic mammals that do not make long dives. (E) The spleens of Antarctic seals contain greater concentrations of blood vessels than are contained in most of their other organs. [/b] 这是少有的一类strengthen/weaken题 第一步 依然是找core, Antarctic seals dive to great depths and stay submerged for hours. They do not rely solely on oxygen held in their lungs, but also store extra oxygen in their blood. [b]Indeed, some researchers hypothesize that for long dives these seals also store oxygenated blood in their spleens[/b].看起来这是唯一的结论了，hypothesize. 答案问的是strengthen [b]EXCEPT[/b] 那么另一个一定是weaken吗？不一定，也可能不起作用。 (A) Horses are known to store oxygenated blood in their spleens for use during exertion. Not sure, 这根马有什么关系？ Keep it here (B) Many species of seal can store oxygen directly in their muscle tissue. huh, not sure. 在 muscle储存跟seal能在spleens储存有什么关系 keep it here (C) The oxygen contained in the seals’ lungs and bloodstream alone would be inadequate to support the seals during their dives. 这个明显加强了因为不够所以要用别的器官来储存氧。 (D) The spleen is much larger in the Antarctic seal than in aquatic mammals that do not make long dives. 这个选项间接地指出seal的spleen之所以打的原因，并且其他的动物并不会long dives,那么这个的确可以证实科学家对于seal spleens储存氧的假设. Eliminate (E) The spleens of Antarctic seals contain greater concentrations of blood vessels than are contained in most of their other organs. E的原理同D， 排除掉 于是我们剩下 A和B (A) Horses are known to store oxygenated blood in their spleens for use during exertion. 这里说马可以用spleen来储存氧。那么是否间接证明了科学家的假设，也就是的确有动物可以用spleens储存氧？是的，这点的确strengthen了。 (B) Many species of seal can store oxygen directly in their muscle tissue. 再来看B， muscle tissue? (always ask yourself, so what) 在muscle tissue可以储存氧就可以证明spleens也可以吗？实际上是不可以的。 下面来看另外一个类型的题 assumption类 这个问题问的最多的是 depends on, requires something, presuppose something. [b] Advertisement: Attention pond owners! Ninety-eight percent of mosquito larvae in a pond die within minutes after the pond has been treated with BTI. Yet BTI is not toxic to fish, birds, animals, plants, or beneficial insects. So by using BTI regularly to destroy their larvae, you can greatly reduce populations of pesky mosquitoes that hatch in your pond, and you can do so without diminishing the populations of fish, frogs, or beneficial insects in and around the pond. [b]Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends? [/b] (A) The most effective way to control the numbers of mosquitoes in a given area is to destroy the mosquito larvae in that area. (B) Populations of mosquitoes are not dependent on a single body of water within an area as a place for their larvae to hatch and develop. (C) There are no insect pests besides mosquitoes that pond owners might want to eliminate from in and around their ponds. (D) The effectiveness of BTI in destroying mosquito larvae in a pond does not require the pond owner’s strict adherence to specific application procedures. (E) The fish, frogs, and beneficial insects in and around a pond-owner’s pond do not depend on mosquito larvae as an important source of food. [/b] 你只要看到depend就应该知道这题是要考assumption了 第一步找[b]core[/b] Advertisement: Attention pond owners! Ninety-eight percent of mosquito larvae in a pond die within minutes after the pond has been treated with BTI. (背景信息，告诉我们BTI被投放在pond里用来针对蚊子幼虫） Yet BTI is not toxic to fish, birds, animals, plants, or beneficial insects.（转折说明BTI对生态环境中的动植物无害，huh 猜测下一句会说BTI的作用) So by using BTI regularly to destroy their larvae, you can greatly reduce populations of pesky mosquitoes that hatch in your pond, and you can do so without diminishing the populations of fish, frogs, or beneficial insects in and around the pond. (啊果然，这就是结论，BTI可以杀蚊子幼虫又不会危害动植物） Core BTI可以杀蚊子幼虫但是不会危害动植物 Premise: BTI可以用来针对蚊子幼虫，同时对动植物无害。 看起来这是个airtightd的argument 但是仔细想想。Assumption问题一定中间逻辑思维有着gap，也就是我们并不能完全依据premise推导出结论。 那么这里的gap是什么？ 这里的鱼会不会吃蚊子的幼虫？BTI杀死蚊子幼虫后鱼吃了会不会被毒死？完全有可能的。因此BTI杀死幼虫并不能完全保证不会伤害到动植物。 注意这里的 [b]shift[/b]. BTI的作用从 杀死蚊子幼虫[b]转移[/b]到了对动植物的作用 于是我们来看选项 (A) The most effective way to control the numbers of mosquitoes in a given area is to destroy the mosquito larvae in that area. 看到这种most, primarily, almost, always的程度修饰词一定要高度注意。这里说最有效攻击蚊子的方法, 注意我们的core是BTI对动植物影响，无关, eliminate (B) Populations of mosquitoes are not dependent on a single body of water within an area as a place for their larvae to hatch and develop. Huh，这个选项的意思是每一处的蚊子幼虫有自己的发展和进化过程. 跟core毫无关系, eliminate (C) There are no insect pests besides mosquitoes that pond owners might want to eliminate from in and around their ponds. 我们并不关系这里有么有其他的insect，我们关心的是BTI能不能对动植物造成伤害。注意Core! Eliminate (D) The effectiveness of BTI in destroying mosquito larvae in a pond does not require the pond owner’s strict adherence to specific application procedures. application precedures. 这个选项的意思是投放BTI并不需要完全遵守投放程序. Who cares? 我们关心的是BTI对动植物的影响。Eliminate (E) The fish, frogs, and beneficial insects in and around a pond-owner’s pond do not depend on mosquito larvae as an important source of food. Last man standing!!! 我们来看看，这里说蚊子幼虫并不是鱼和青蛙重要的食物来源 Bingo,这个刚好address 我们的gap，也就是动植物并不吃蚊子的幼虫。 做Assumption问题一个验证手段便是否定某个选项 IF we negate E, 我们得到的是 fish and frogs depend on mosquito as food. 这个negation直接毁掉了这个argument，也就是杀死蚊子幼虫可能导致其他动物（fish frogs)没有实物。 陈虎平逻辑10套里有很多练习题，如果大家还是不得要领的话这里有LSAT的各部分练习30-40道。 [img]http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/static/image/filetype/rar.gif[/img] [url=http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/forum.php?mod=attachment&aid=MjA0NzIxfGJlMGFjNjZlfDEzNjMyMjk1OTd8MzI3MjUyOXwxNTEwNDM1]GRE逻辑单题.rar[/url] [b]二.按照题目要求在原文中标出某一句子[/b] 来看这题 What is life? I am not going to answer this question. In fact, I doubt if it will ever be possible to give a full answer. We all know what it feels like to be alive, just as we know what redness or pain or effort are. But how can we describe life in terms of something else? We might try some such expression as “the influence of spirit on matter.” But even if you are sure that people, and even dogs, have spirits, it requires a lot of faith to find a spirit in an oyster or a potato. So we should have to define life in terms of matter. In ordinary life we recognize living things partly by their shape and texture, but these do not change for some hours after death. In the case of mammals and birds we are sure they are dead if they are cold, but this test will not work on a frog or a snail. We know an animal like a cat or a bumblebee is alive if it moves when touched, but in the case of a plant the only test is whether it will grow, and this may take months to find out. All these definitions agree in being physical tests. Given that they all prove wanting, I think we can learn a lot more about life from a chemical than from a physical approach. [b]Select the sentence in which the author identifies an aspect common to existing definitions of life.[/b] 遇到这种题，先看题。在GRE考场上看到不是长文章就扫一眼题，如果是逻辑单题，立刻看题目。 这种短文一般不过两类，1，选某个evidence，2，选某个特殊作用的话。 做题还是寻找core 这道题要求选择 common to existing definitions of life [b] What is life? I am not going to answer this question. In fact, I doubt if it will ever be possible to give a full answer. （看上去像是背景信息）We all know what it feels like to be alive, just as we know what redness or pain or effort are. [b]But （注意转折）[/b] how can we describe life in terms of something else? We might try some such expression as “the influence of spirit on matter.” But even if you are sure that people, and even dogs, have spirits, it requires a lot of faith to find a spirit in an oyster or a potato. [b]So we should have to define life in terms of matter[/b].（这句话明显是结论，life is not a matter of spirit but matter) In [b]ordinary[/b] life we recognize living things partly by their shape and texture（看到这里下一居猜测一定会反驳）, [b]but[/b] these do not change for some hours after death. In the case of mammals and birds we are sure they are dead if they are cold, but this test will not work on a frog or a snail. We know an animal like a cat or a bumblebee is alive if it moves when touched, but in the case of a plant the only test is whether it will grow, and this may take months to find out. (这里在说如何定义Life， partially by shape and texture) All these definitions agree in being physical tests. Given that they all prove wanting,[b] I think we can learn a lot more about life from a chemical than from a physical approach. （[/b]这句话是作者的观点） [/b] 那么那句话是题目的要求 identify common to existing definitions of life 第三段的第一句话 All these definitions agree in being physical tests. [b]三.文章中两句话用黑体标出，问其作用[/b] 写不下了传了个PDF有需要的朋友可以下载 [img]http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/static/image/filetype/pdf.gif[/img] [url=http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/forum.php?mod=attachment&aid=MjA0NzUyfGJmM2QxNTA2fDEzNjMyMjk1OTd8MzI3MjUyOXwxNTEwNDM1]三.文章中两句话用黑体标出，问其作用.pdf[/url]